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Students' attitudes and perceived purposes of physical education in Singapore: Perspectives from a 2 x 2 achievement goal framework

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, john.wang{at}nie.edu.sg

B.S. Lim

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

N.G. Aplin

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

Y.H.M. Chia

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

M. McNeill

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

W.K. Tan

Nanyang Technological University, Singapore

The aim of the present study was to re-examine the relationships between achievement goals and perceived purposes of PE, perceived motivational climates, attitudes towards PE teachers and affective outcomes using the 2 x 2 achievement goal framework. Questionnaires were completed by 493 secondary school students (222 males, 262 females, 9 missing) in Singapore. Cluster analysis revealed three distinct clusters that differed significantly in their achievement goals profiles. One cluster consisting of high scores on mastery approach, mastery avoidance and performance avoidance achievement goals was linked to the most positive set of characteristics and outcomes, while the cluster with low achievement goals was linked to most negative characteristics and outcomes. There was another cluster with moderate levels of mastery approach that had relatively positive perceptions and attitudes towards PE. The findings of these three goal profiles provide insight and add knowledge to the existing literature. Research that ignores the independence of the 2 x 2 achievement goal framework may risk making spurious conclusions.

Key Words: achievement goals • attitudes • enjoyment • perceived purposes of PE • physical education

European Physical Education Review, Vol. 14, No. 1, 51-70 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/1356336X07085709


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